Elimination of unwanted side-effects, especially transfusion-transmitted diseases (HIV and hepatitis) and leucocytes-mediated allosensitisation is an important goal of modern transfusion medicine. The problems and high cost factor involved in collecting and storing human blood and the shortages of blood contributed towards the development of artificial blood. Even though artificial blood does not qualify as perfect red blood cell substitutes but, have many potential clinical and non clinical usages. Artificial blood is designed for the sole purpose of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. The most promising blood products under development as blood substitutes are perflourocarbons and haemoglobin based oxygen carriers. Perflourocarbons are long chain compounds having oxygen carrying capacity. The haemoglobin based oxygen carrier’s works on haemoglobin’s unique oxygen binding capacity and the lack of blood type antigen. Depending on the type of artificial blood, it can be produced in different ways using synthetic production, chemical isolation, or recombinant biochemical technology.
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